Environmental Research Infrastructures provide high-quality, open and FAIR data and services to study the different components of the Earth system within four domains including the atmosphere, marine, ecosystem and solid Earth.
Environmental Research Infrastructure
A Research Infrastructure is a facility that provides resources and services for the research communities to conduct research and foster innovation, including the associated human resources and expertise; major equipment or sets of instruments; knowledge-related facilities such as collections, archives and/or scientific data infrastructures; computing systems, communication networks; and any other infrastructure of a unique nature and open to different Users, essential to achieve excellence in research and innovation. Where relevant, these resources may be used beyond research, for example for training and education or public services. They may be virtual, single-site or distributed.
Research Infrastructure
An actor is an institution, an individual or a group of individuals that exercises action in the knowledge generation process, for which the actor is responsible.
Actor
A terminology service provides a web service interface that serves as a generic access point to heterogeneous semantic artefacts. These semantic artefacts can be internally hosted or accessed via their remote web services. A TS can also enable mappings of both internal and external semantic artefacts into a common output format.
Terminology Service
e-Service is an automated service that responds to requests via an information network by receiving inputs, manipulating them, and sending back appropriate outputs.
e-Service
Digital Service
Electronic service
A service refers to any support, tool, or functionality provided to facilitate scientific research activities. Services are integral to enabling researchers to effectively conduct their work by offering the necessary infrastructure, resources, and expertise.
Service
Gargano G, Cornacchia C, Palazzo Q, Saganeiti L (2024) ITINERIS Catalogue of resources. In Plenary Presentations of the 2nd ITINERIS General Meeting, Rome 2024. Available at: https://itineris.cnr.it/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/ITINERIS_2nd_annual_meeting_slides-1.pdf
A Digital Object (DO) is a sequence of bits, or a set of sequences of bits, incorporating a work or portion of a work or other information in which a party has rights or interests, or in which there is value, each of the sequences being structured in a way that is interpretable by one or more of the computational facilities and having as an essential element an associated unique persistent identifier.
Digital Object
A research product is any research artifact—whether physical or digital—generated through a systematic, creative, and reproducible research process.
Research product
A scientific domain in which a Research Infrastructure contribute by supporting frontier research and by proving key data necessary to address the Grand Challenges. Each domain is structured, when needed, in subdomains of research.
ESFRI domain
ESFRI Thematic Area
A procedure that has been shown by research and experience to produce optimal results and that is established or proposed as a standard suitable for widespread adoption.
Best practice
Project management involves planning, organizing and performing specific tasks, events, or duties toward their completion.
Project Management
Principles for scientific data management and stewardship intended to provide guidelines to improve the findability, accessibility, interoperability, and reuse of digital assets.
FAIR principles
Digital objects are easily discoverable by both humans and machines by using machine-readable metadata.
Findable
Findability
The quality of being able to reach and access digital objects through authentication and authorisation protocols.
Accessible
Accessibility
The ability of computer systems or software to exchange and make use of digital objects by using standardized languages and vocabularies.
Interoperable
Interoperability
The quality of being able to replicate and/or combine digital objects in different settings.
Reusable
Reusability
The ability of computer systems to transmit data with unambiguous, shared meaning. Semantic interoperability is a requirement to enable machine computable logic, inferencing, knowledge discovery, and data federation between information systems.
Semantic Interoperability
Syntactic interoberability ensures that the precise format and meaning of exchanged data and information is preserved and understood throughout exchanges between parties.
Syntactic Interoperability
A FAIR digital object is a unit composed of data that is a sequence of bits, or a set of sequences of bits, each of the sequences being structured (typed) in a way that is interpretable by one or more computer systems, and having as essential elements an assigned globally unique and persistent identifier (PID), a type definition for the object as a whole and a metadata description (which itself can be another FAIR digital object) of the properties of the object, making the whole findable, accessible, interoperable and reusable both by humans and computers for the reliable interpretation and processing of the data represented by the object.
FAIR Digital Object
FDO
Refers to the use of questions/tests to assess to which degree a digital object is compliant with a FAIR sub-principle or, by generalisation, a principle.
FAIR assessment
Storage, access and preservation of data created or collected in the course of research. Data management practices cover the entire lifecycle of the data, from planning the investigation to conducting it, and from backing up data as it is created and used to long term preservation of data deliverables after the research investigation has concluded. Specific activities and issues that fall within the category of data management include: File naming (the proper way to name computer files); data quality control and quality assurance; data access; data documentation (including levels of uncertainty); metadata creation and controlled vocabularies; data storage; data archiving and preservation; data sharing and reuse; data integrity; data security; data privacy; data rights; notebook protocols (lab or field) as required.
Research product management
Research data management
RDA
A legal document giving official permission to do something with the resource.
License
Licence
A service, a specification or a data policy that is essential to the operationalization of the FAIR Principles, i.e., puts FAIR into action. A FAIR-Enabling Resource (FER) provides a function needed to achieve some aspect of FAIR behavior and is explicitly linked to one or more FAIR principles.
FAIR-Enabling Resource
FER
Process to comprehend the nature of risk (intended as effect of uncertainty on objectives) and to determine the level of risk.
Risk analysis
Statement describing how research data will be managed throughout a specified research project's life cycle - during and after the active phase of the research project - including terms regarding archiving and potential preservation of the data in a data repository. The DMP is considered to be a 'living' document, i.e. one which can be updated when necessary.
Data Management Plan
DMP
A metadata longevity plan ensures that metadata are accessible even when the data are no longer available.
Metadata longevity plan
Assessment of details of the data generation, including the check of the plausibility of the data. Usually the quality assessment is done by predefined checks on data and their generation process.
Quality assessment
The process or set of processes used to measure and assure the quality of a product.
Quality Assurance
The efforts and processes put in place to ensure that the management of research data is of sufficient quality to allow researchers to carry out their work effectively.
Quality Control
A FAIR Implementation Profile (FIP) is a list of declared technology choices intended to implement each of the FAIR Guiding Principles, made as a collective decision by the members of a particular community of practice.
FAIR Implementation Profile
FIP
Long-lasting digital reference to an object that gives information about that object regardless of what happens to that object. Developed to address link rot, a persistent identifier can be resolved to provide an appropriate representation of an object whether that object changes its online location or goes offline.
PID
Persistent identifier
URI (Uniform Resource Identifier) is defined as a sequence of characters that serves to uniquely identify a specific resource within the Internet or a computer system. Its purpose is to provide a standard means of referring to digital resources, regardless of their location or method of access. URI is based on the ASCII code (American Standard Code for Information Interchange), a character encoding standard for electronic communications.
URI
Uniform Resource Identifier
IRI (Internationalized Resource Identifier) is an internet protocol standard that builds on the Uniform Resource Identifier (URI) protocol. It greatly expands the set of permitted characters, utilising the Universal Character Set, a standard set of characters defined by the international standard ISO/IEC 10646.
IRI
Internationalized Resource Identifier
Type of digital Persistent Identifier (PID) issued by the International DOI Foundation. This permanent digital identifier is associated with an object that permits the object to be referenced reliably even if its location and metadata undergo change over time.
DOI
Digital Object Identifier
Unique identifier for researchers. Disambiguates researchers and allows researchers to connect their ID with additional professional information including affiliations, grants, and publications.
ORCID ID
Oper Researcher and Contributor ID
Perennial identifier assigned to a research organisation.
ROR ID
Research Orzanization Registry identifier
ROR identifier
URL that points to an intermediate resolution service. The PURL resolution service associates the PURL with the actual URL and returns that URL to the client.
PURL
Persistent Uniform Resource Locator
Scientific knowledge that is openly available, accessible and reusable for everyone, to increase scientific collaborations and sharing of information for the benefits of science and society, and to open the processes of scientific knowledge creation, evaluation and communication to societal actors beyond the traditional scientific community.
Open Science
Exercising authority to provide direction and to undertake, coordinate, and regulate activities in support of achieving this direction and desired outcomes. Governance can be thought of as the role of an organization's board of directors or its equivalent that is focused on defining that organization's purpose and the development of the strategies, objectives, values, and policies that frame how that purpose will be pursued. It includes the development of such things as mission statements, statements of organizational objectives and values, logic models, organizational performance metrics, risk management frameworks, policies and guidelines for financial and operational matters, stakeholder relations, etc.
Governance
A group of Financial Officers that handle the administrative and financial matters for all the partners. The group is lead by the project Financial Officer and assure smooth handling of the project for the financial and administrative aspects, supervising the work done at OU level for each partner.
Board of Partner Financial Officers
FOB
The Coordination Committee is composed by the Principal Investigators (PIs) of all project partners which have the decision role.
Coordination Committee
The Executive Board oversees activities related to strategic planning and decision-making. The Executive Board provides strategic oversight to an organisation, a project or a Research Infrastructure and often divides itself into several committees or sub-boards to divide duties based on expertise.
The EB can be formed by the WP leaders and other experts as in the case of the ITINERIS project.
Executive Board
A group of international experts that carry out regular external assessment of a project development, performance, implementation, operation, and that provide strategic advises.
External Strategic Advisory Committee
ESAC
A FAIR Implementation Working Group is a Working Group with the aim to implement the FAIR Principles within a project. The Working Group consist of personnel with expertise on FAIR Principles and on their application. The role of this Working Group is to identify current understanding and adoption of the FAIR Principles and to provide recommendations and technical requirements for their implementation within the project.
FAIR Implementation Working Group
FIWG
A group composed by representatives of users/stakeholders with the role to represent the user needs and expectations.
Reference User Group
RUG
A group composed by the representatives of the Research Infrastructures.
Research Infastructure Board
Research infrastructure board
RIB
A partner is an individual, organization, or entity that actively collaborates in a research project.
Partner
A unit which is part of some larger Organization and has full recognition within the context of that Organization. It can represents, for instance, the different departments of a university that participate in a particular project.
Operative Unit
A component of the case for support of a grant application, describing a particular aspect of the work to be undertaken.
Work Package
CNR
National Research Council
Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche
Organisations involved within the ITINERIS project.
ITINERIS Organisation
A group of individuals that is formed ad-hoc or corresponds to an institution that normally has a legal status. It may belong to another organization, forming group hierarchies.
Organisation
CNR-IAS
Institute for the Study of Anthropic Impact and Sustainability in the Marine Environment
Institute for the Study of Anthropic Impact and Sustainability in the Marine Environment of the National Research Council
Istituto per lo studio degli impatti Antropici e Sostenibilità in ambiente marino
National Research Council - Institute for the Study of Anthropic Impact and Sustainability in the Marine Environment
Operative Unit involved in the ITINERIS project.
ITINERIS Operative Unit
ITINERIS OU
CNR-IBBR
Institute of Biosciences and Bioresources
Istituto di Bioscienze e Biorisorse
National Research Council - Institute of Biosciences and Bioresources
CNR-IBE
Istituto per la BioEconomia
National Research Council - Institute for BioEconomy
CNR-IGG
Institute of Geosciences and Earth Resources
Istituto di Geoscienze e Georisorse
National Research Council - Institute of Geosciences and Earth Resources
CNR-IMAA
Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche - Istituto di Metodologie per l’Analisi Ambientale
Institute of Methodologies for Environmental Analysis
Istituto di Metodologie per l’Analisi Ambientale
National Research Council - Institute of Methodologies for Environmental Analysis
CNR-IPSP
Institute for Sustainable Plant Protection
Institute of Plant Virology
Istituto per la Protezione Sostenibile delle Piante
National Research Council - Institute for Sustainable Plant Protection
CNR-IREA
Istituto per il Rilevamento Elettromagnetico dell'Ambiente
Institute for Electromagnetic Sensing of the Environment
National Research Council - Institute for Electromagnetic Sensing of the Environment
CNR-IRET
Research Institute on Terrestrial Ecosystems
Istituto di Ricerca sugli Ecosistemi Terrestri
National Research Council - Research Institute on Terrestrial Ecosystems
CNR-IRETLE
Istituto di Ricerca sugli Ecosistemi Terrestri - URT Lecce
National Research Council - Research Institute on Terrestrial Ecosystems Lecce
CNR-IRSA
Water Research Institute
Istituto di Ricerca sulle Acque
National Research Council - Water Research Institute
CNR-ISAC
Institute of Atmospheric Sciences and Climate
Istituto di Scienze dell'Atmosfera e del Clima
National Research Council - Institute of Atmospheric Sciences and Climate
CNR-ISMAR
Institute of Marine Science
Istituto di Scienze Marine
National Research Council - Institute of Marine Science
CNR-ISP
Institute of Polar Sciences
Istituto di Scienze Polari
National Research Council - Institute of Polar Sciences
INFN
National Institute for Nuclear Physics
Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare
INGV
National Institute of Geophysics and Volcanology
Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia
ISPRA
Institute for Environmental Protection and Research
Istituto Superiore per la Protezione e la Ricerca Ambientale
OGS
National Institute of Oceanography and Applied Geophysics
Istituto Nazionale di Oceanografia e di Geofisica Sperimentale
UNIFI
University of Florence
Università degli Studi di Firenze
UNIVE
Ca' Foscari University of Venice
Università Ca' Foscari Venezia
Università Ca' Foscari
CNR-IBBRBA
National Research Council-Institute of Biosciences and Bioresources Bari
Istituto di Bioscienze e Biorisorse - Sede di Bari
CNR-IBBRNA
National Research Council-Institute of Biosciences and Bioresources Naples
Istituto di Bioscienze e Biorisorse - Sede di Napoli
CNR-IPSPFI
Istituto per la Protezione Sostenibile delle Piante - Sede di Firenze
National Research Council - Institute for Sustainable Plant Protection Florence
CNR-IPSPNA
Istituto per la Protezione Sostenibile delle Piante - Sede di Portici
National Research Council - Institute for Sustainable Plant Protection Portici
CNR-IRETFI
Istituto di Ricerca sugli Ecosistemi Terrestri - Sede di Firenze
National Research Council - Research Institute on Terrestrial Ecosystems Florence
CNR-IRETRM
Istituto di Ricerca sugli Ecosistemi Terrestri - Sede Montelibretti
National Research Council - Research Institute on Terrestrial Ecosystems Montelibretti
CNR-ISACBO
Istituto di Scienze dell'Atmosfera e del Clima - Sede di Bologna
National Research Council - Institute of Atmospheric Sciences and Climate Bologna
CNR-ISACLE
Istituto di Scienze dell'Atmosfera e del Clima - Sede di Lecce
National Research Council - Institute of Atmospheric Sciences and Climate Lecce
CNR-ISACLT
Istituto di Scienze dell'Atmosfera e del Clima - Sede di Lamezia Terme
National Research Council - Institute of Atmospheric Sciences and Climate Lamezia Terme
CNR-ISMARBO
Istituto di Scienze Marine - Sede di Bologna
National Research Council - Institute of Marine Science Bologna
CNR-ISMARNA
Istituto di Scienze Marine - Sede di Napoli
National Research Council - Institute of Marine Science Naples
CNR-ISMARRM
Istituto di Scienze Marine - Sede di Roma
National Research Council - Institute of Marine Science Rome
CNR-ISMARSP
Istituto di Scienze Marine - Sede di Lerici
National Research Council - Institute of Marine Science Lerici
CNR-ISMARVE
Istituto di Scienze Marine - Sede di Venezia
National Research Council - Institute of Marine Science Venice
CNR-ISPBO
Istituto di Scienze Polari - Sede di Bologna
National Research Council - Institute of Polar Sciences Bologna
CNR-ISPME
Istituto di Scienze Polari - Sede di Messina
National Research Council - Institute of Polar Sciences Messina
INFN-BA
National Institute for Nuclear Physics Bari
Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare - Sede di Bari
INFN-FI
National Institute for Nuclear Physics Florence
Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare - Sede di Firenze
INFN-GE
National Institute for Nuclear Physics Genova
Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare - Sede di Genova
INFN-LNS
National Institute for Nuclear Physics Laboratori Nazionali del Sud
Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare - Laboratori Nazionali del Sud
INGV-BO
National Institute of Geophysics and Volcanology Bologna
Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia - Sede di Bologna
INGV-WIS
National Institute of Geophysics and Volcanology ESMO WESTERN IONIAN SEA
Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia - ESMO WESTERN IONIAN SEA
OGS-CGN
Ship management group of OGS
Istituto Nazionale di Oceanografia e di Geofisica Sperimentale - Gestione mezzi navali
OGS-CRS
Center for Seismological Research of OGS
Istituto Nazionale di Oceanografia e di Geofisica Sperimentale - Centro di Ricerche Sismologiche
OGS-GEO
Istituto Nazionale di Oceanografia e di Geofisica Sperimentale - Sezione di Geofisica
Section of Geophysic of OGS
OGS-OCE
Istituto Nazionale di Oceanografia e di Geofisica Sperimentale - Sezione di Oceanografia
Section of Oceanography of OGS
UNIFI-CPC
University of Florence - Civil Protection Center
Università di Firenze - Centro per la Protezione Civile
UNIFI-DAGRI
University of Florence - Department of Agricultural, Food, Environmental and Forestry Science and Technology
Università di Firenze - Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Agrarie, Alimentari, Ambientali e Forestali
UNIFI-SMA
University of Florence - Museum System, SMA
Università di Firenze - Sistema Museale di Ateneo
UNIVE-DAIS
Ca' Foscari University of Venice - Department of Environmental Sciences, Informatics and Statistics
Università Ca' Foscari Venezia - Dipartimento di Scienze Ambientali, Informatica e Statistica
A service that mediates access to digital objects according to specifed conditions.
Authentification and authorization service
A set of rules of how messages are structured and exchanged.
Communication protocol
Access refers to the legitimate and authorized physical, remote and virtual admission to, interactions with and use of Research Infrastructures and to the services offered by Research Infrastructures to Users.
Access
A language specification that enables knowledge to be processed by machines.
Knowledge representation language
A specification that specifies the structured representation of metadata describing attributes of data or other digital objects in terms of semantics, syntax and optionality.
Metadata schema
Data about data. It is data (or information) that defines and describes the characteristics of other data. It is used to improve the understanding and use of the data.
Metadata
A document embodying a policy that descibes and defines how something should be done.
Policy document
Sequential operating programs and data which instruct the functioning of a digital computer.
Software
Semantic artefacts (SA) describe the meaning and structure of digital objects and the relations among them. SA, such as controlled vocabularies, thesauri, ontologies etc., are machine-actionable, interpretable and readable formalisation of a conceptualisation and are represented using appropriate formats and serialisations, including RDF and non-RDF standards.
Semantic Artefact
A data product is defined as the application of a unique blend of skills from analytics, engineering and communication aiming at generating value from the data itself to provide benefit to another entity.
Data product
Facts, measurements, recordings, records, or observations about the world collected by scientists and others, with a minimum of contextual interpretation. Data may be in any format or medium taking the form of writings, notes, numbers, symbols, text, images, films, video, sound recordings, pictorial reproductions, drawings, designs or other graphical representations, procedural manuals, forms, diagrams, work flow charts, equipment descriptions, data files, data processing algorithms, or statistical records.
Data
Software Item representing a set of computer instructions and data definitions expressed in a programming language or in a form output by an assembler, compiler, or other translator.
Code
A set or collection of data, records or information that constitutes distinct units of information in the knowledge generation process.
Dataset
A plan specification which has sufficient level of detail and quantitative information to communicate it between investigation agents, so that different investigation agents will reliably be able to independently reproduce the process.
Protocol
A metadata standard i a set of agreed-upon and documented guidelines, specifications, accepted practices, technical requirements, or terminologies that have been prepared by a standards developing organisation or group, and published in accordance with established procedures. These can be mandatory or voluntary and are distinct from Acts, regulations, and codes, although standards can be referenced in those legal instruments.
Metadata Standard
Authority files are lists of terms that are used to control the variant names for an entity or the domain value for a particular field. Examples include names for countries, individuals, and organizations. Nonpreferred terms may be linked to the preferred versions. This type of KOS generally does not include a deep organisation or complex structure. The presentation may be alphabetical or organised by a shallow classification scheme. A limited hierarchy may be applied to allow for simple navigation, particularly when the authority file is being accessed manually or is extremely large. Examples of authority files include the Library of Congress Name Authority File and the Getty Geographic Authority File.
Authority file
A categorisation scheme is a set of controlled terms whose entities are divided into “buckets” or broad topic levels. Some examples provide a hierarchical arrangement of numeric or alphabetic notation to represent broad topics. These types of semantic artefacts lack the explicit relationships presented in a thesaurus.
Categorisation scheme
Concepts are the units of thought —ideas, meanings, or (categories of) objects and events—which underlie many knowledge organization systems. As such, concepts exist in the mind as abstract entities which are independent of the terms used to label them. In SKOS, concepts are identified with URIs, labeled with strings in one or more natural languages, documented with various types of note, semantically related to each other in informal hierarchies and association networks, and aggregated into concept schemes.
Concept
List of standardised terminology, words, or phrases, used for indexing or content analysis and information retrieval, usually in a defined information domain.
Controlled vocabulary
A gazetteer is a list of place names. Traditional gazetteers have been published as books or have appeared as indexes to atlases. Each entry may also be identified by feature type, such as river, city, or school. An example is the U.S. Code of Geographic Names. Geospatially referenced gazetteers provide coordinates for locating the place on the earth’s surface. The term gazetteer has several other meanings, including an announcement publication such as a patent or legal gazetteer. These gazetteers are often organised using classification schemes or subject categories.
Gazetteer
An alphabetical list of terms concerned with a particular subject, field or area of usage that includes accompanying definitions.
Glossary
A formal model that allows knowledge to be represented for a specific domain. An ontology describes the types of things that exist (classes), the relationships between them (properties) and the logical ways those classes and properties can be used together (axioms).
Ontology
Link from an information object (single datum, data set, data container) to a concept within a conceptual model, enabling the discovery of the meaning of the information object by human and machines.
Semantic annotation
A subject heading is a set of controlled terms to represent the subjects of items in a collection. Subject headings can be extensive and cover a broad range of subjects; however, their structure is generally very shallow, with a limited hierarchical structure. In use, subject headings tend to be coordinated, with rules for how they can be joined to provide concepts that are more specific.
Subject heading
Taxonomy is a formal representation of relationships between items in a hierarchical structure.
Taxonomy
A type of controlled vocabulary used in information retrieval applications for indexing or tagging purposes, in which relationships between terms are made explicit. These are normally hierarchical relationships (is-a, subsumption; e.g. a cow is a mammal), equivalency relationships relating non-preferred terms to preferred terms (e.g. pitch and frequency), or associative relationships, in which the relationship that exists is neither one of hierarchy or equivalence, but rather one of similarity (e.g. sports and leisure pursuits).
Thesaurus
The Physical Sciences and Engineering domain includes Astronomy and Astroparticle Physics, Particle and Nuclear Physics, and Analytical Physics. This scientific domain enables the understanding of the physical structure of nature and its interactions over an enormous range of distances, energy and time, from the Big Bang to now, and from subnuclear scales to the whole observable Universe.
Physical Sciences and Engineering
PSE
The Health and Food domain focuses on topics such as climate change, biodiversity, and food security, trying to ensure environment supporting conditions for healthy and diverse population that can cope with major challenges of health including civilisation disorders, healthy ageing, and infection diseases.
Health and Food
Environmental research as a scientific domain focuses on understanding how the Earth system works at various spatial and temporal scales. Environmental research requires comprehensive observations integrated with relevant experimental and modelling approaches which are essential for understanding and predicting the Earth’s environmental system functions. A federated approach to IT resources and e-science facilities is also necessary together with liable data policies compliant with the FAIR principle.
Environment
The atmosphere domain is the domain that focuses on the study of the region comprised between the Earth's surface and an altitude of approximately 100 km. The research activities carried out within this domain include the collection of observations of aerosol and trace gases (e.g. greenhouse gases and reactive gases), the study of atmospheric dynamics and of atmospheric quality, as well as the study of changes in atmospheric composition due to natural and anthropogenic pressures (e.g. fires) and the determination of the atmospheric boundary layer height (ABLH).
Atmosphere
The geosphere landsurface domain is the domain that focuses on the study of the solid Earth. The research activities carried out within this domain include geophysical surveys, airborne and space borne observations, fiber optical strain measurements, and ocean drilling. Such research activities gather remote sensing data but also geochemical, geophysical, geological, geodetic and seismological data.
Geosphere landsurface
Geosphere
The marine domain is the domain that focuses on the study of the ocean and of marine ecosystems including their freshwater river outflows. The research activities carried out within this domain are based on marine observations derived from different ocean observing systems, ships and Gliders. Research activities also include the long-term monitoring of Essential Ocean Variables (EOVs) such as physical, biogeochemical and geological ocean variables, Essential Biological Variables (EBVs), and Essential Climate Variables (ECVs).
Marine
The terrestrial biosphere is the domain that focuses on the study of biodiversity and of inland waters (rivers and lakes). The research activities carried out within this domain include continuous and long-term ecosystem monitoring, manipulation experiments, phenotyping, specimen collections and modeling.
Terrestrial biosphere
Device used for making observations and measurements, or collecting samples alone or in conjunction with one or more supplementary devices.
Device
A facility supports the undertaking of scientific research by collecting, processing or archiving data about objects whose properties (e.g. physical, chemical, biological or other aspects of environmental conditions) are repeatedly observed or measured.
Facility
Research facility
Scientific facility
A data center is a facility that houses a network of computing and storage resources used to collect, process, store, and distribute large amounts of data. It typically includes servers, networking equipment, storage systems, etc.
Data center
Data centre
A mesocosm is a vivarium that is embedded within a natural environment and is used to place a relatively small part of that environment under experimental control for the purposes of scientific investigation.
Mesocosm
A laboratory is a facility that provides controlled conditions in which scientific or technological research, experiments, and measurement may be performed.
Laboratory
An Application Programming Interface (API) for the World Wide Web that allows different software applications to communicate with each other.
Application Programming Interface
API
A registry is a service that provides standardised information about trusted repositories to both human and machine users by the assignment of a permanent, unique and unambiguous identifier.
Registry
Physical or digital storage location that can house, preserve, manage, and provide access to many types of digital and physical materials in a variety of formats. Materials in online repositories are curated to enable search, discovery, and reuse. There must be sufficient control for the physical and digital material to be authentic, reliable, accessible and usable on a continuing basis.
Repository
Archive
Catalogue containing metadata records that enables services to find data and services.
Metadata catalogue
It is a web platform for publishing data. It provides a catalogue of data that is made available and findable by users, and it offers organisations a publishing workflow.
Data portal
A semantic repository is a service that enables users to query the contents of semantic artefacts. It offers advanced features for searching, browsing, managing metadata, customising and mapping.
Semantic repository
A semantic registry is a service that helps reuse or find semantic artefacts by simply listing them or offering structured metadata to describe them. Yet, a semantic registry does not support additional services beyond the description of the items, e.g., a content analysis or a search index on the semantic artefacts’ content.
Semantic registry
A Virtual Research Infrastructure (VRI) is a research facility that provides digital tools, services, and data to support scientific research without requiring physical presence at a specific location. These infrastructures enable researchers to access and analyse data, collaborate remotely, and use computing resources across different institutions and countries.
Virtual Research Infrastructure
VRI
A physical Research Infrastructure is a facility that provides physical access to major scientific equipment including observatories, laboratories, instruments, knowledge-based resources such as collections, archives and scientific data, to foster scientific research and innovation. Researchers use these resources to perform experiments, collect data and share knowledge in different areas.
Physical Research Infrastructure
A metadata catalogue of facilities, services, data and other research products provided by the Research Infrastructures participating in ITINERIS.
ITINERIS Catalogue
A centralized platform to request physical and remote access within the available programs, offering guidance on access modes, eligibility, and application procedures.
ITINERIS Access Platform
ITINERIS Data Hub is the access point for data produced within ITINERIS. The Data Hub facilitates data discovery through a web interface for a multi-stakeholder approach.
ITINERIS Data Hub
Advanced digital platforms designed to empower users with cutting-edge tools for cross-disciplinary environmental analysis. ITINERIS Virtual Research Environments integrate data, models, and computational resources from multiple Research Infrastructures, enabling researchers, policymakers, and stakeholders to address complex environmental challenges through collaborative and innovative approaches.
ITINERIS Virtual Research Environment
ITINERIS VRE
Virtual Research Environments (VREs) are platforms providing user-centric support for discovering and selecting data and software services from different sources, and composing and executing application workflows, also referred to as Virtual Laboratories or Science Gateways. VREs play a direct role in the lifecycle of research activities performed by scientists, for example, the planning of experiments, search and discovery of resources from different sources (notably including RIs), integration of services into cohesive workflows and collaboration with other scientists. Graphical environments, workflow management systems, and data analytics tools are typical components of such environments.
Virtual Research Environment
VRE
A dedicated platform offering courses, hands-on training, workshops and educational resources to enhance researchers', technicians', and stakeholders' skills in utilizing data, tools, and Virtual Research Environments developed by the environmental Research Infrastructures involved in ITINERIS. It promotes best practices, interdisciplinary collaboration, and equips the next generation of scientists with advanced knowledge and practical skills for innovation and sustainable solutions.
ITINERIS Training Centre
It refers to the different methods of access to a Research Infrastructure, acknowledging the different purposes of access, in function of possible contractual and legal obligations. Access to any Research Infrastructure may be regulated according to one or any combination of access condition types.
Access condition
Access mode
The term 'Access type' is used to denote the method by which a device or user is able to access a facility or service.
Access type
A service that mediates access to physical and digital objects, facilities and services, according to specifed conditions.
Authentication and authorization
The excellence-driven condition is exclusively dependent on the scientific excellence, originality, quality and technical and ethical feasibility of an application, evaluated through peer review conducted by internal or external experts. It enables users to get access to the best facilities, resources and services wherever located. This access condition enables collaborative research and technological development efforts across geographical and disciplinary boundaries.
Excellence-driven access
The market-driven access condition applies when access is defined through an agreement between the user and the Research Infrastructure, that will lead to a fee for the access and that may remain confidential.
Market-driven access
Technical need-driven access means access primarly depending on the technical needs of the user to increase the performance and quality of its research activities.
Technical need-driven access
The wide access guarantees the broadest possible access to scientific data, services and facilities provided by the Research Infrastructure to any user with no restrictions.
Wide Virtual Access
Physical access is “in-person” access, when users physically visit an infrastructure, facility or equipment.
Physical access
Remote access is access to resources and services offered by the Research Infrastructure without users physically visiting the infrastructure’s facilities. This can entail shipping of samples, exchange of data. It can include access to selective digital services such as access to high-performance computing.
Remote access
Transnational Access (TNA) means free of charge, transnational access to research infrastructures or installations for selected user groups. The access includes the logistical, technological and scientific support and the specific training that is usually provided to external researchers using the infrastructure.
Transnational access
TNA
Virtual access means access to users provided through communication networks, such as access to data and digital services.
Virtual access
Hybrid access refers to any combination of physical, remote and virtual access.
Hybrid access
Open Access refers to a resource that is immediately and permanently online, and free for all on the Web, without financial and technical barriers.The resource is either stored in the repository or referenced to an external journal or trustworthy archive.
Open Access
The aerosol-biosphere Virtual Research Environment (AERO VRE) provides services for visualizing climatological charts of the aerosol types occurred at the different sites; indicators of the occurrence of the desert dust; statistical plots of the atmospheric boundary layer properties. All this information provides a crucial element for most activities on the atmosphere-biosphere-geosphere continuum.
AERO VRE
Aerosol-biosphere Virtual Research Environment
The standing biomass Virtual Research Environment (BIOMASS VRE) addresses the response of aquatic ecosystems, and in particular of the standing biomass, to environmental change. The standing biomass dynamics are studied by integrating data resources, services and modelling tools of different environmental Research Infrastructures.
BIOMASS VRE
Standing biomass Virtual Research Environment
The carbon cycle Virtual Research Environment (CARBON VRE) provides services on the main carbon reservoirs (atmosphere, oceans, terrestrial biosphere and geosphere) and on direct anthropogenic emissions to characterize the carbon budget, its trends and fluxes at different spatial and temporal scales. The CARBON VRE includes local measurements, flux networks, regional-scale measurements, stable isotope approach and data-driven models, also establishing new measurement sites, to fill the gaps on key terrestrial ecosystems, and strengthening existing sites.
CARBON VRE
Carbon cycle Virtual Research Environment
The Crop, Plants and Pests Virtual Research Environment (CPP VRE) make accessible an array of cross-platform distributed modelling solutions, data transformation tools, and cloud hosted computational facilities, allowing users to perform scenario analysis and digital twin components in an interactive way. Modelling solutions include established process-based models for crop production, water use, plant phenology, pest and disease spread, pathogens dynamics and impact, and cropping system management as well as advanced statistical methods for image classification and time series analysis.
CPP VRE
Crops, Plants and Pests Virtual Research Environment
A Virtual Research Environment to gather all the climatic variables from the ITINERIS environmental Research Infrastructure with the aim of identifying indicators and downstream effects of climate change. The CLIMA VRE represents a collaborative place where specific climatic datasets and tools are made available, enabling users to collaborate for identifying climatic indicators, run codes, share materials, and communicate in various ways. The CLIMA VRE also considers external datasets coming from other European initiatives like both the Copernicus Climate Change and the Copernicus Marine Services for the identification of the indicators.
CLIMA VRE
Virtual Research Environment on indicators and impacts of climate change
A Virtual Research Environment that addresses Critical Zone (CZ) dynamics in face of climate and environmental change linking biosphere, geosphere and atmosphere processes.
CZ VRE
Virtual Research Environment for Critical Zone services
The Virtual Research Environment on downstream effects of environmental change (DOWNSTREAM VRE) is dedicated to the use of Research Infrastructure data on the nexus of climate and environmental change effects, carbon, and Earth System response to provide tools for the visualization, analysis, and sharing of the data provided by the different Risks, focusing on the impact of environmental change in the marine and terrestrial domains.
DOWNSTREAM VRE
Virtual Research Environment on downstream effects of environmental change
The ISOTOPE Virtual Research Environment creates a national service to retrieve information and analysis tools to fill the gaps in the current ability to analyze isotopes from different matrices.
ISOTOPE VRE
Virtual Research Environment for the isotope database
A Virtual Research Environment based on the Essential Climate Variables (ECVs) and Biodiversity Variables (EBVs) produced by Italian observatories and field campaigns.
EV VRE
Essential Variables Virtual Research Environment
A specification that defines qualified relations between entities describing data or other digital objects according to the Linked Data principles. This can include semantic data models and ontologies.
Terminology model
A mapping between semantic elements. Semantic alignment requires a predicate indicating equivalence or broader/narrower relationship.
Alignment
Jana Martínková, Nick Juty, Alejandra Gonzalez Beltran, Carole Goble, Yann Le Franc, “Moving towards FAIR mappings and crosswalks”, Proceedings of the Joint Ontology Workshops (JOWO) - Episode X: The Tukker Zomer of Ontology, and satellite events co-located with the 14th International Conference on Formal Ontology in Information Systems (FOIS 2024), Enschede, The Netherlands, July 15-19, 2024. Vol 3882, https://ceur-ws.org/Vol-3882/
A mapping defines connections or relationships between different information elements by identifying similarities, correspondences, and alignments. Mappings include different types of connections, depending on the level of the elements that are being mapped.
Mapping
Diffing is the process of comparing two sets of data to identify differences between them.
Diffing
Research infrastructures that are recognized by the European Strategy Forum on Research Infrastructures (ESFRI) as being of strategic importance for Europe.
ESFRI Research Infrastructure
The ESFRI Landmarks are the RIs that were implemented or started implementation under the ESFRI Roadmap and are now established as major elements of competitiveness of the European Research Area. The ESFRI Landmarks need continuous support for successful completion, operation and upgrade in line with the optimal management and maximum return on investment.
ESFRI Landmark
The ESFRI Projects have been selected for scientific excellence and maturity and are included in the Roadmap in order to underline their strategic importance for the European Research Infrastructure system and support their timely implementation. The ESFRI Projects can be at different stages of their preparation according to the date of inclusion in the ESFRI Roadmap.
ESFRI Project
ACTRIS is the pan-European research infrastructure producing high-quality data and information on short-lived atmospheric constituents and on the processes leading to the variability of these constituents in natural and controlled atmospheres.
ACTRIS ERIC
ACTRIS
Aerosol, Clouds, and Trace gases Research InfraStructure
Research Infrastructure involved in the ITINERIS project.
ITINERIS Research Infrastructure
The Analysis and Experimentation on Ecosystems (AnaEE) is an European Research Infrastructure Consortium which provides integrated and coordinated management of experimental, analytical and modelling facilities, with the aim to support scientists in testing the potential impacts of climate change and land use in Europe.
AnaEE-ERIC
AnaEE
Analysis and Experimentation on Ecosystems
The European Multidisciplinary Seafloor and water-column Observatory (EMSO) is an European Research Infrastructure Consortium aiming at exploring the oceans to gain a better understanding of phenomena happening within and below them, and to explain the critical role that these phenomena play in the broader Earth system. EMSO offers high-quality environmental data and services covering a multi- and inter-disciplinary range of research areas including biology, geology, chemistry, physics, engineering and computer science, from polar to tropical environments.
EMSO ERIC
EMSO
European Multidisciplinary Seafloor and water column Observatory
The European contribution to the International Argo Programme (EURO-ARGO) is an European Research Infrastructure Consortium that organizes and federates the European contribution to the Argo international programme for in situ ocean observations. EURO-ARGO provides enhanced coverage in the European regional seas by deploying and operating an array of around 800 floats corresponding to ¼ of the global Argo array of profiling floats which measure temperature and salinity every 10 days throughout the deep global oceans. It delivers data both in real-time and delayed mode for climate change research and monitoring as well as operational services such as Copernicus. It also aims at developing the new phase of Argo extending the network to abyssal oceans, biogeochemical parameters, marginal seas and high latitudes.
EURO-ARGO ERIC
EURO-ARGO
European contribution to the International Argo Programme
The Integrated Carbon Observation System (ICOS) is an European Research Infrastructure Consortium to facilitate research on carbon cycle and to provide necessary information on greenhouse gases (GHG). ICOS conducts long-term observations in the atmosphere, ecosystems, and oceans, and generates high-precision and stardardised data to monitor the present state and extrapolate the future behaviour of the global carbon cycle and GHG fluxes in order to predict environment changes and mitigate their impacts.
ICOS ERIC
ICOS
Integrated Carbon Observation System
The e-Infrastructure for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Research (LifeWatch) is an European Research Infrastructure Consortium providing e-Science facilities and services to the biodiversity and ecosystem research community. LifeWatch ERIC seeks to understand the complex interactions between species and the environment, taking advantage of High-Performance, Grid and Big Data computing systems, and the development of advanced modelling tools to implement measures aimed at preserving life on Earth. LifeWatch tackles the constraints affecting biodiversity and ecosystem research, such as the pressing need for increasingly diverse data, larger and more advanced models, open data and open science clouds, thus allowing to explore new frontiers in ecological science and support society in addressing global challenges.
LifeWatch ERIC
LifeWatch
e-Infrastructure for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Research
LifeWatch Italy is the Italian component of the LifeWatch European Research Infrastructure Consortium. The LifeWatch Italy Joint Research Unit (JRU) coordinates the Italian contribution to LifeWatch ERIC, the national activities of its Service Centre and the National Distributed Biodiversity Research Institutes of the infrastructure. These include the activities of specific Working Groups responsible for ICT, Modelling, Citizen Science and specific case studies.
LifeWatch Italy
The ICOS Italy network consists of 17 stations, of which ten are Ecosystem, four Ocean and three Atmosphere stations. ICOS Italy also hosts the Ecosystem Thematic Centre (ETC) together with ICOS Belgium and ICOS France. ICOS Italy Ecosystem stations cover the most typical land types in Italy: different type of forests, grasslands, croplands and shrublands. Atmosphere stations are located in northern Italy, e.g. at the Alps, and at the island of Lampedusa in the Mediterranean Sea. Ocean stations are located at the Adriatic Sea and at the Ligurian Sea.
ICOS Italy
Argo-Italy is the Italian component of a global in situ observing system based on measurements with autonomous profiling floats. It focuses mainly on the Italian seas, such as the Mediterranean and the Black Sea being an important component related to it. OGS coordinates and is responsible for the activity of the Mediterranean and Black Sea Argo Regional Center (MedArgo). The activity of Argo-Italy also extends over the Southern Ocean and the Ross Sea. The Argo-Italy funded activity ultimately provides physical (temperature, salinity) and biogeochemical (oxygen, chlorophyll, nitrates, sulfides, etc.) properties of seawater vertical profiles. It contributes to the international Argo and Euro-Argo programs to monitor the entire World Ocean on a long term basis.
Argo-Italy
EMSO Italy is the Italian component of the EMSO European Research Infrastructure Consortium. The Ministry of Education, University and Research (MIUR) appointed INGV to represent the Italian scientific community of marine science in EMSO distributed over different Italian Research Institutions.
EMSO Italy
AnaEE Italy is the Italian component of the AnaEE European Research Infrastructure Consortium. The AnaEE Service Centre in Italy is responsible for data and modelling services.
AnaEE Italy
ACTRIS Italy is the Italian component of the ACTRIS European Research Infrastructure Consortium.
ACTRIS Italy
ACTRIS-IT
The International Centre for Advanced Studies on River-Sea Systems (DANUBIUS-RI) is a Research Infrastructure to enable excellent interdisciplinary research and innovation on River-Sea Systems (RSS). Building on existing expertise spanning the environmental, social and economic sciences, it aims to provide an integrated Research Infrastructure for remote and in situ observation systems, experimental facilities, laboratories, modelling tools and resources for knowledge exchange along freshwater-seawater continua throughout Europe, from river source to coastal sea.
DANUBIUS-RI
The International Centre for Advanced Studies on River-Sea Systems
DANUBIUS
The Distributed System of Scientific Collections (DiSSCo) is a Research Infrastructure to integrate European Natural Science Collections (NSCs) for data-intensive research and innovation in environment, food security, health, and bioeconomy. The DiSSCo RI aims to digitally unifies all European natural science assets under common access, curation, policies and practices that ensure that all the data is easily Findable, Accessible, Interoperable and Reusable (FAIR principles). By mobilising, harmonising and providing Natural Science Collections data, DiSSCo fills a significant gap in the value chain of European RIs because it provides a fundamental basis of knowledge at the scale and precision required to enable research for tackling grand societal challenges.
DiSSCo
Distributed System of Scientific Collections
The Integrated European Long-Term Ecosystem, critical zone and socio-ecological system Research Infrastructure (eLTER RI) facilitates high impact research and catalyse new insights about the compounded impacts of climate change, biodiversity loss, soil degradation, pollution, and unsustainable resource use on a range of European socio-ecological systems. eLTER RI aspires to develop the scientific capacity to improve the understanding of terrestrial, freshwater, and transitional water ecosystems. Combined with socio-ecological approach to studying integrated human-nature systems and commitment to integrating stakeholder knowledge, it provides a solid foundation to inform policy-maker systems to find evidence based sustainable solutions for addressing current and emerging challenges.
eLTER-RI
Integrated European Long-Term Ecosystem, critical zone and socio-ecological Research Infrastructure
eLTER
The European Infrastructure for Multi-scale Plant Phenomics and Simulation (EMPHASIS) is a Research Infrastructure with the aim to develop and provide access to facilities and services addressing multi-scale plant phenotyping in different agro-climatic scenarios. It establishes an integrated European phenotyping infrastructure to analyse genotype performance under diverse environmental conditions and quantify the diversity of traits contributing to performance in diverse environmental conditions − plant architecture, major physiological functions and output, yield components and quality. EMPHASIS addresses the technological and organizational limits of European phenotyping, for a full exploitation of genetic and genomic resources available for crop improvement in changing climate.
EMPHASIS
European Infrastructure for Multi-scale Plant Phenomics and Simulation
The European Industrial Biotechnology Innovation and Synthetic Biology Accelerator (EU-IBISBA) provides translational Research and Development and Innovation services to an international community of industrial biotechnology stakeholders, including academia, SMEs and industry. EU-IBISBA contributes to the growth of biotechnology, providing academics and industry with a unique opportunity to access services and expertise necessary to move early-stage research results towards higher maturity and innovation. It delivers services at the exit point of basic and early stage applied research, and provides support for concept proofing, prototyping, upscaling and piloting, to bridge the innovation gap that separates academic research from industrial demonstration and premarket development.
EU-IBISBA
IBISBA
European Industrial Biotechnology Innovation and Synthetic Biology Accelerator
The Centre for Trace Analysis (CeTrA) is a joint infrastructure of Ca’ Foscari University of Venice and the Institute for Polar Sciences of the Italian National Research Council (ISP-CNR). CeTrA is interested in trace/ultra-trace analysis and chemical imaging in the fields of life science, environment, advanced materials and cultural heritage. CeTrA facilities make available state-of-the art instrumentation and technical expertise for advanced studies of chemical identification and quantitative determination at extremely low levels and/or in complex matrices, and spatial distribution or structural analyses at the micro-to-nano scale.
CeTrA
Centre for Trace Analysis
The GeoSciences IR aims at sharing and updating geological knowledge of the Italian territory and to enhance collaboration and information exchange with national and regional technical entities dealing with geology.
GeoSciences IR
GeoSciences
A Research Infrastructure for the Italian Geological Surveys Network
The LNS is one of the four national laboratories of the National Institute for Nuclear Physics (INFN). Research activities are mainly oriented towards Nuclear Physics and Nuclear and Particle Astrophysics. The LNS is also an advanced centre for the development of technologies and instrumentation.
LNS
Laboratori Nazionali del Sud
The research vessel Laura Bassi is the only ocean research vessel owned by a public institute in Italy and the only one available for national research. The R/V Laura Bassi is owned by the National Institute of Oceanography and Experimental Geophysics (OGS) since 2019. This ship is capable of operating in polar regions including Antarctica and the Arctic. The main objective of the R/V Laura Bassi is to provide scientific and logistical support to the Italian polar missions and at the same time to enable oceanographic and geophysical research by the researchers of the institute and the national and European scientific community at a global level and in particular at a polar level.
R/V Laura Bassi
Research Vessel Laura Bassi
EUROFLEETS+, funded under the European Horizon2020 Infrastructures initiative and coordinated by the Marine Institute (Ireland), brings together 42 key marine institutes, universities, foundations and SMEs from 24 countries in Europe, North America and Oceania. This infrastructure facilitates open access to an integrated and advanced research vessel fleet and prioritises support for research on sustainable, clean and healthy oceans, linking with existing ocean observation infrastructures (eg. EMSO and ECORD-IODP), and innovation through working closely with industry. It enables access to a unique fleet of 27 state-of-the-art research vessels from European and international partners.
Eurofleets
An alliance of European marine research infrastructure to meet the evolving needs of the research and industrial communities
The Advanced Technologies for LandSlides (ATLaS) Research Infrastructure develops advanced methodologies for the prevention and management of ground instabilities including outputs from leading-edge monitoring platforms and hazard forecasting models in a multi-scale perspective.
ATLaS
Advanced Technologies for LandSlides
SMINO is an infrastructure of national importance and has the task of surveillance and research on seismic activity in North-eastern Italy, also for Civil Protection purposes. SMINO consists of a seismic network, a strong motion network and a geodetic monitoring network (FReDNet).
SMINO
Northeast Italy monitoring system
The European Facility for Airborne Research (EUFAR) is a collaborative network dedicated to advancing airborne research in environmental and geosciences across Europe. EUFAR promotes scientific collaboration, supports innovation, and enhances research by providing access to a wide range of airborne platforms and instruments.
EUFAR
EUropean Facility for Airborne Research
An international observing system for long-term measurements in and around the Norwegian archipelago of Svalbard addressing Earth System Science questions.
SIOS
Svalbard Integrated Arctic Earth Observing System
JERICO-RI is an integrated pan-European multidisciplinary and multi-platform research infrastructure dedicated to a holistic appraisal of coastal marine system changes.
JERICO-RI
Joint pan-European Research Infrastructure for Coastal Observations
The European Consortium for Ocean Research Drilling (ECORD), is a management structure of 15 members (14 European countries and Canada) for scientific ocean drilling as part of the International Ocean Discovery Program (IODP) “Exploring the Earth under the sea” and previously the Integrated Ocean Drilling Program – IODP from 2003 to 2013. The science in IODP involves a wide range of fundamental and applied issues for society, such as climate and ocean change, biodiversity and origin of life, the Earth in motion including the study of earthquakes processes, and the Earth structure and dynamics in relation with its surface environment.
ECORD
European Consortium for Ocean Research Drilling
DANUBIUS Italy is coordinated by the Institute for Marine Science (ISMAR) of the National Research Council (CNR). Within DANUBIUS-RI, DANUBIUS Italy is the leading laboratory of the Modelling Node, one of the four Thematic Nodes of the RI. The Italian node performs integrated in-situ, satellite and modelling data, providing services related to Tools 4 MSP, Models codes, and training material.
DANUBIUS Italy
The Italian node of DiSSCo Research Infrastructure provides digital data on the collections of natural science institutions in Italy. In DiSSCo, the Italian scientific community is represented by CNR (National Research Council), ANMS (National Association of Scientific Museums), Academy of Sciences, National Academy of Entomology, Italian Society of Biogeography, Italian Society of Paleontology, Italian Society of Geology, Italian Botanic Society and the Natural History Museum of Florence University, the leading NTF representative.
DiSSCo Italy
LTER-Italy is one of the 26 long-term ecological research networks that belong to the European Network (eLTER). LTER-Italy Network is made of 72 research sites, spread all over the Italian territory. The research sites represent a variety of environments: land, freshwater, marine water, and transitional. Other than the 72 sites on the national territory, the Italian Network also counts 7 extraterritorial sites located in the Himalayan region and Antarctica. LTER-Italy research sites are open windows to observe local territories, and they hold important long-term series of data. In these sites researchers can collaborate, future ecologists can be trained, and the citizens can be actively involved.
eLTER-IT
LTER-Italy
Italian Long-Term Ecosystem Research Network
The Joint Research Unit (JRU) denominated Italian Plant Phenotyping Network (Phen-Italy) was established in 2016 and is composed of several universities and research entities which represent the national node of the ESFRI Project EMPHASIS.
Phen-Italy
The Italian Plant Phenotyping Network
IBISBA-IT serves as the Italian Node of the European Research Infrastructure IBISBA, playing a distinct role across four key domains: Synthetic Biology, Green Chemistry, Sustainable Bioenergy, and Functional Food. IBISBA-IT contributes to the overarching goals of IBISBA by bolstering the Italian scientific research in Industrial Biotechnology, supporting national and local authorities, and fostering training and educational initiatives.
IBISBA-IT
Italy participates in the International Ocean Discovery Program (IODP) as a member country of the European Consortium for Ocean Research Drilling (ECORD). The Italian contribution to ECORD IODP (International Ocean Discovery Program) and ICDP (International Continental Scientific Drilling Program) is supported by the National Research Council (CNR) ECORD-IODP and ICDP Commission, which is dedicated to scientific and programmatic coordination and the promotion of activities to support research, training and dissemination in the field of scientific drilling. In particular, IODP-Italy is linked to its membership of the ECORD consortium, made possible by a dedicated MIUR grant, managed by the CNR since 2014.
IODP-Italy
Use of quality data and data products and other digital services including data documentation, compilation, archiving, preservation, traceability, citation and attribution.
Use of experimental research facilities equipped with state-of-art instrumentation and equipment for scientific exporation and realisation of experiments.
Scientific service
Use of the scientific expertise centres to ensure instrumental quality, high performance measurments and methodologies, calibration and intercomparisons, quality procedures and tools.
Technical service
Use of scientific facilities for technological development, prototype testing, industrial or market-oriented applications including private sector use.
Innovation service
Training of scientists, new generations of researchers, and facility personnel to acquire knowledge and skills and provided good to exploit all essential tools for science.
Training service
A specification consisting of a set of rules that define how (meta)data elements or attributes from one schema can be aligned and mapped to (meta)data elements or attributes in another schema that share the same constraints and thus share the same semantic role.
Crosswalk
Stakeholders are individuals or groups who have an interest in the project and who may be affected by its outcomes—positively or negatively. This includes not only those directly involved in the execution of the project but also those who are indirectly impacted by its results.
Stakeholder
A building or place given over to or equipped for observation of natural phenomena.
Observatory
An in-situ observation or experimentation facility, delimited in space, but varying in size and complexity of the internal organisational and observational design, for the collection of data covering e.g., biogeophysical, biotic or socio-ecological characteristics and processes.
Research site
A Platform is a facility that hosts other facilities (e.g. devices, research sites).
Platform
The CARE Principles for Indigenous Data Governance emphasize that data must be used in ways that support Collective Benefit, recognize Authority to Control, show Responsibility, and uphold Ethics. These principles address the contextual and cultural dimensions of data governance, particularly the rights and interests of Indigenous Peoples in relation to their data. CARE is centered on people and purpose, ensuring that data governance respects Indigenous sovereignty, values, and knowledge systems.
CARE Principles
The TRUST Principles—Transparency, Responsibility, User focus, Sustainability, and Technology—provide a set of high-level ethical and operational guidelines designed to ensure transparency, accountability, and responsible behavior in the management and use of data, digital systems, or partnerships. These principles often include values such as integrity, fairness, privacy, and inclusiveness to foster trust among stakeholders.
TRUST Principles
The long-term maintenance of responsibility, which has environmental, economic, and social dimensions, and encompasses the concept of stewardship, the responsible management of resource use.
Long-term sustainability
Sustainability
A person or organization that supports (sponsors) something through some kind of financial contribution.
Funder
The access unit is a measure specifying the Access offered to the users so that quantity of access can be recorded.
Access unit
The process that is used to produce a specific research result in a concrete domain. A workflow comprises a series of components that are arranged in a directed graph to set the order of execution of such components. Therefore, a workflow is usually a complex process and may involve both automatic and manual procedures for dealing with research objects and documenting them. Workflows may need instantiation in terms of input data and process parameters.
Workflow
Training resource is defined as any material, tool, support, or content specifically designed to facilitate the process of learning and skill development. These resources are utilised across a variety of contexts, including formal education, professional development and technical training.
Training resource
A device that is used by, or implements, a (Sampling) Procedure to create or transform one or more samples.
Sampler
Device, agent (including humans), or software (simulation) involved in, or implementing, a Procedure. Sensors respond to a Stimulus, e.g., a change in the environment, or Input data composed from the Results of prior Observations, and generate a Result. Sensors can be hosted by Platforms.
Sensor
Legally recognised person who is affiliated to an area, usually a state or a territory, and who is entitled to certain protection, rights and privileges and subject to certain obligations.
Citizen
Segment of the economy run to some degree by government, including national and local governments, government-owned firms and quasi-autonomous non-government organizations.
Public sector
Public administration
Public body
One involved in the formulation of policies, especially politicians, lobbyists, and activists.
Policy maker
Policymaker
Policy-maker
Digital Specimen (DS) refers to a digital representation of a physical specimen that links it with all related data, metadata, and artifacts. It enables reliable discovery, access, attribution, and reuse of specimen information. DS also support traceability of usage and facilitate the fair return of benefits from scientific discoveries, such as repatriation to the country of origin.
Digital Specimen
Data level refers to the degree of processing, quality control, and readiness for use of data, describing how raw data are transformed into usable and validated data products. Users can access different data levels depending on their needs.
Data level
Users can freely access the Resource provided, registration may be needed.
Free
Users are granted access based on defined policies; such policies usually apply to Resources being offered with “sponsored use” to meet some national or EU level objective; for instance, a country may offer Resources with “sponsored use” to support national researchers involved in international collaborations.
Free conditionally
Users are selected based on scientific excellence evaluation, originality, quality and technical and ethical feasibility of an application evaluated through peer review conducted by internal or external experts of the activity to be supported by the Resource.
Peer-reviewed
Users need to pay a fee to access the Resource.
Paid
A Distributed RI is a coordinated network composed of a Central Hub and interconnected National Nodes, with unified governance, integrated user access, a common investment and resource strategy, and shared user programmes and operational policies to ensure scientific excellence and sustainability.
Distributed Research Infrastructure
Distributed RI
A Single Site RI is a geographically localised central facility designed for user access, with European or international governance, a structured user programme and access policies, advanced data management systems, and dedicated resources to ensure scientific excellence and sustainability.
Single Site Research Infrastructure
Single Site RI
Segment of the economy not run by government, including households, sole traders, partnerships and companies.
Private sector
A component of work performed during the course of a project. A task or set of tasks are carried out in order to create an assignable deliverable. Task and activity are sometimes used interchangeably.
Task
Activity
Situation in which multiple parties, the federation members, jointly contribute to the delivery of services to users without being organised in a strict hierarchical setup or supply chain.
Federation
Individual, organisation or body that works together with other federation members in a federation to provide one or more services.
Federation member
Logical part of a service that provides a function enabling or enhancing a service. A service is usually composed of several service components. Although a service component underlies one or more services, it usually does not create value for a user alone and is therefore not a service by itself.
Service component
An independent continuant that is spatially extended whose identity is independent of that of other entities and can be maintained through time.
Physical object
Material entity
A material entity that is collected for potential use as an input upon which measurements or observations are performed.
Physical specimen
Specimen collection
The individuals or groups who are the intended consumers of a resource.
User
Specimen
A pool of specimens is a mixture of a population of samples which have been gathered from one or more sample populations, obtained by the physical process of mixing individual specimens, e.g. mixing the DNA collected from the individual fish.
Collection
Pool of specimen
Peer-reviewed research that is usually published in a journal or book.
Publication
Any object or item, electronic or not, which is used in a lab and designed to carry out a specific function or set of functions.
Instrument
Laboratory instrument
In priority-driven Access condition, the Research Infrastructure selects User proposals considering their relevance for addressing a predefined priority. This includes urgent or customized Access to respond to: a scientific or societal challenge (challenge-driven); a crisis; education and training (need-driven). By providing Access to education and training, Research Infrastructures fulfill their role in enhancing the skills of the next generations of scientists and innovators.
Priority-driven access