Observation
type: Class
comment: Act of carrying out an (Observation) Procedure to estimate or calculate a value of a property of a FeatureOfInterest.
Version Info: 1.0.0
subclass of: Thing

event id
sub property of: topDataProperty
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Observation
comment: An identifier for the set of information associated with an Event (something that occurs at a place and time). May be a global unique identifier or an identifier specific to the data set.

has observable property
range: Observable Property
sub property of: topObjectProperty
domain: Observation Collection
type: ObjectProperty
Version Info: 1.0.0

has simple result
domain: Observation
type: DatatypeProperty
sub property of: The simple value of an Observation

has member
Version Info: 1.0.0
domain: Observation Collection
sub property of: topObjectProperty
type: ObjectProperty
range: Observation

has date
type: ObjectProperty
Version Info: 1.0.0
sub property of: topObjectProperty
domain: Observation Collection
range: Temporal Entity

date time
type: ObjectProperty
Version Info: 1.0.0
range: Temporal Entity
domain: Observation
sub property of: topObjectProperty

Dataset
type: Class
comment: A collection of data, published or curated by a single agent, and available for access or download in one or more representations.
subclass of: Thing

has Feature of Interest
comment: Gives the observed entity of an observation.
range: Feature Of Interest
domain: Observation
sub property of: topObjectProperty
type: ObjectProperty
Version Info: 1.0.0

Observation Collection
Version Info: 1.0.0
subclass of: Dataset
type: Class
comment: An observation collection is a container for a set of observations.

has point
range: Geographic Location Point
domain: Observation Collection
Version Info: 1.0.0
sub property of: topObjectProperty
type: ObjectProperty

has entity
domain: Observation Collection
range: Feature Of Interest
Version Info: 1.0.0
sub property of: topObjectProperty
type: ObjectProperty

catalog number
comment: An identifier (preferably unique) for the record within the data set or collection.
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Observation
sub property of: topDataProperty

Identifier
sub property of: topAnnotationProperty
type: AnnotationProperty
comment: An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
range: anyURI

has taxon
domain: Observation Collection
Version Info: 1.0.0
sub property of: topObjectProperty
type: ObjectProperty
range: Taxon

Coverage
range: string
sub property of: topAnnotationProperty
type: AnnotationProperty
comment: The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, spatial applicability of the resource, or jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant.

Download URl
range: anyURI
sub property of: topAnnotationProperty
type: AnnotationProperty

Format
type: AnnotationProperty
sub property of: topAnnotationProperty
comment: The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource.
range: string

Person
comment: The Person class represents people. Something is a Person if it is a person. We don't nitpic about whether they're alive, dead, real, or imaginary.
subclass of: Agent
type: Class

longitude
type: DatatypeProperty
comment: The geographic longitude of the geographic center of a Location (in decimal degrees, using the spatial reference system WGS84). Positive values are north of the Equator, negative values are south of it. Legal values lie between -90 and 90, inclusive.
sub property of: topDataProperty

Attribution
comment: An instance of prov:Attribution provides additional descriptions about the binary prov:wasAttributedTo relation from an prov:Entity to some prov:Agent that had some responsible for it. For example, :cake prov:wasAttributedTo :baker; prov:qualifiedAttribution [ a prov:Attribution; prov:entity :baker; :foo :bar ].
type: Class
subclass of: Thing

associated references
comment: A list (concatenated and separated) of identifiers (publication, bibliographic reference, global unique identifier, URI) of literature associated with the dwc:Occurrence.
sub property of: topDataProperty
domain: Observation
type: DatatypeProperty

qualified attribution
domain: Dataset
comment: Link through class attribution to an Agent having some form of responsibility for the resource.
sub property of: topObjectProperty
type: ObjectProperty
range: Attribution

sampling protocol
comment: The sampling protocol is the procedure used to select units from the study population to be measured.
type: DatatypeProperty
sub property of: topDataProperty
domain: Observation

Instructional Method
range: string
sub property of: topAnnotationProperty
type: AnnotationProperty
comment: A process, used to engender knowledge, attitudes and skills, that the described resource is designed to support

measurement remarks
comment: Comments or notes accompanying the measurement or fact.
domain: Observation
sub property of: topDataProperty
type: DatatypeProperty

species group
sub property of: topDataProperty
domain: Organismal Entity
type: DatatypeProperty

value
sub property of: topDataProperty
type: DatatypeProperty
comment: A property to relate an observable thing with a value of any kind

The simple value of an Observation
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Observation
sub property of: value
label: has simple result

biogeographical region
domain: Geographic Location Point
type: DatatypeProperty
comment: The biogeographical region in which the species is usually recorded. The biogeographical regions dataset contains the official delineations used in the Habitats Directive (92/43/EEC) and for the EMERALD Network set up under the Convention on the Conservation of European Wildlife and Natural Habitats (Bern Convention). The dataset is INSPIRE compliant. The vocabulary is used for 2016 and 2011 versions of the dataset. https://dd.eionet.europa.eu/vocabulary/biodiversity/biogeographic-regions2011/view
sub property of: topDataProperty

provided scientific name
type: DatatypeProperty
comment: The hasProvidedScientificName give context to identifying characteristic. The Provided Scientific Name is a scientificname, with authorship and date information if known, as it originally appeared before of the taxonomic check.
domain: Organismal Entity
sub property of: topDataProperty

water body
comment: The name of the water body in which the Location occurs. A water body is a certain clearly distinguishable part of surface water, such as a lake, a stream, river or a part a stream or river.
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Geographic Location Point
sub property of: topDataProperty

Description
range: string
sub property of: topAnnotationProperty
type: AnnotationProperty
comment: Description may include but is not limited to: an abstract, a table of contents, a graphical representation, or a free-text account of the resource

Abstract
sub property of: topAnnotationProperty
comment: A summary of the resource
range: string
type: AnnotationProperty

Deprecated
comment: The annotation property that indicates that a given entity has been deprecated
sub property of: topAnnotationProperty
range: string

latitude
type: DatatypeProperty
comment: The geographic latitude of the geographic center of a Location (in decimal degrees, using the spatial reference system WGS84). Positive values are north of the Equator, negative values are south of it. Legal values lie between -90 and 90, inclusive.
sub property of: topDataProperty

Agent
subclass of: Thing
type: Class
comment: An agent is something that bears some form of responsibility for an activity taking place, for the existence of an entity, or for another agent's activity.

Spatial
sub property of: topAnnotationProperty
range: string
type: AnnotationProperty
comment: Spatial characteristics of the resource.

Version
type: AnnotationProperty
sub property of: topAnnotationProperty

Language
type: AnnotationProperty
sub property of: topAnnotationProperty
comment: A language of the resource

Temporal Coverage
type: AnnotationProperty
comment: Temporal characteristics of the resource
sub property of: topAnnotationProperty

Created
sub property of: topAnnotationProperty
type: AnnotationProperty

dataset
type: ObjectProperty
domain: Catalog
sub property of: topObjectProperty
comment: A dataset that is listed in the catalog
range: Dataset

Accrual Method
type: AnnotationProperty
sub property of: topAnnotationProperty
comment: The method by which items are added to a collection.
range: string

Start Date
range: dateTime
sub property of: topAnnotationProperty
type: AnnotationProperty

Landing Page
range: anyURI
sub property of: topAnnotationProperty
type: AnnotationProperty

agent
comment: used in a attribution to specify the Agent with respect to an Resource
range: Agent
type: ObjectProperty
sub property of: topObjectProperty
domain: Attribution

Rights
type: AnnotationProperty
sub property of: topAnnotationProperty
comment: Information about rights held in and over the resource
range: string

Distribution
comment: A specific representation of a dataset
subclass of: Thing
type: Class

had role
sub property of: topObjectProperty
type: ObjectProperty
domain: Attribution
comment: used in a attribution to specify the role of an Agent with respect to an Resource

Access URL
range: anyURI
type: AnnotationProperty
sub property of: topAnnotationProperty

License
comment: A legal document giving official permission to do something with the resource
type: AnnotationProperty
range: anyURI
sub property of: topAnnotationProperty

Access Rights
range: string
type: AnnotationProperty
sub property of: topAnnotationProperty
comment: Information about who access the resource or an indication of its security status.

Catalog
subclass of: Thing
comment: A curated collection of metadata about datasets
type: Class

distribution
domain: Dataset
comment: An available distribution of the dataset
sub property of: topObjectProperty
range: Distribution
type: ObjectProperty

Keyword
type: AnnotationProperty
sub property of: topAnnotationProperty
range: string

End Date
sub property of: topAnnotationProperty
range: dateTime
type: AnnotationProperty

locality
domain: Geographic Location Point
sub property of: topDataProperty
type: DatatypeProperty

is biological classification for
domain: Taxon
type: ObjectProperty
Version Info: 1.0.0
sub property of: topObjectProperty
range: Organismal Entity

Organismal Entity
type: Class
Version Info: 1.0.0
subclass of: Feature Of Interest
comment: A material entity that is an individual living system, such as animal, plant, bacteria or virus, that is capable of replicating or reproducing, growth and maintenance in the right environment. An organism may be unicellular or made up, like humans, of many billions of cells divided into specialized tissues and organs.

is of rank
type: ObjectProperty
range: Taxon Rank
domain: Taxon
Version Info: 1.0.0
sub property of: topObjectProperty

Feature Of Interest
type: Class
comment: The thing whose property is being estimated or calculated in the course of an Observation to arrive at a simple result.
Version Info: 1.0.0
subclass of: Thing

Taxon Rank
subclass of: Thing
Version Info: 1.0.0
type: Class
comment: In biology, taxonomic rank is the relative level of a group of organisms in an ancestral or hereditary hierarchy. A common system of biological classification consists of species, genus, family, order, class, phylum, kingdom, and domain.

Observable Property
subclass of: Thing
Version Info: 1.0.0
type: Class
comment: An observable quality (property, characteristic) of a FeatureOfInterest.

observed at
domain: Observation
Version Info: 1.0.0
sub property of: topObjectProperty
type: ObjectProperty
range: Geographic Location Point

Temporal Entity
comment: A temporal interval or instant.
type: Class
subclass of: Thing
Version Info: 1.0.0

has biological classification
Version Info: 1.0.0
sub property of: topObjectProperty
inverse of: is biological classification for
domain: Organismal Entity
range: Taxon
type: ObjectProperty

Taxon
comment: Discipline whose purpose is to create and advance the classification of living beings, thus to describe biological diversity both theoretically and in practice and to order it through an analytical system called classification.
Version Info: 1.0.0
type: Class
subclass of: Thing

Geographic Location Point
type: Class
subclass of: Thing
Version Info: 1.0.0
comment: A point, typically described using a coordinate system relative to Earth, such as WGS84.

observed property
sub property of: topObjectProperty
domain: Observation
type: ObjectProperty
range: Observable Property
Version Info: 1.0.0

parent event id
comment: An identifier for the broader Event that groups this and potentially other Events.
sub property of: topDataProperty
domain: Observation
type: DatatypeProperty

coordinate uncertainty in meters
sub property of: topDataProperty
domain: Geographic Location Point
comment: The horizontal distance (in meters) from the given decimalLatitude and decimalLongitude describing the smallest circle containing the whole of the Location.
type: DatatypeProperty

establishment means
type: DatatypeProperty
comment: Statement about whether an organism or organisms have been introduced to a given place and time through the direct or indirect activity of modern humans. introduced:Establishment of a taxon by human agency into an area that is not part of its natural range native:A taxon occurring within its natural range
sub property of: topDataProperty
domain: Organismal Entity

habitat
type: DatatypeProperty
sub property of: topDataProperty
comment: A category or description of the habitat in which the Event occurred.
domain: Geographic Location Point

infraspecific epithet
domain: Organismal Entity
comment: The name of the lowest or terminal infraspecific epithet of the scientificName, excluding any rank designation.
sub property of: topDataProperty
type: DatatypeProperty

habitat type code
sub property of: topDataProperty
domain: Geographic Location Point
comment: Assignment of the habitat type code based on the EUNIS habitat classification.
type: DatatypeProperty

in country
sub property of: topDataProperty
domain: Geographic Location Point
type: DatatypeProperty
comment: The name of the country or major administrative unit in which the Location occurs.

latitude
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Geographic Location Point
sub property of: latitude

biogeographic status
domain: Organismal Entity
type: DatatypeProperty
comment: alien: 1 native: 0
sub property of: topDataProperty

habitat directive
comment: ECHabitatDirective is field that describe if the species is included in the Habitats Directive, more formally known as Council Directive 92/43/EEC on the Conservation of natural habitats and of wild fauna and flora. yes: The species is included in the Habitats Directive No: The species is not included in the Habitats Directive
sub property of: topDataProperty
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Organismal Entity

life stage
comment: The age class or life stage of the biological individual(s) at the time the Occurrence was recorded.
domain: Organismal Entity
type: DatatypeProperty
sub property of: topDataProperty

endemisms
domain: Geographic Location Point
sub property of: topDataProperty
type: DatatypeProperty
comment: Endemism is the state of a species only being found in a single defined geographic location, such as an island, state, nation, country or other defined zone. endemic:The distribution status is restricted to Italy only. not endemic:The distribution status is not restricted to Italy only.

continent
type: DatatypeProperty
comment: The name of the continent in which the Location occurs.
domain: Geographic Location Point
sub property of: topDataProperty

country code
comment: The standard code for the country in which the Location occurs.
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Geographic Location Point
sub property of: topDataProperty

higher geography
type: DatatypeProperty
sub property of: topDataProperty
domain: Geographic Location Point
comment: An identifier for the geographic region within which the Location occurred.

designation type
type: DatatypeProperty
sub property of: topDataProperty
domain: Observation
comment: Designation types classify designations by certain common characteristics, such as statutory status, purpose of the protected area, conservation objectives and the related restrictions of use or management measures.

longitude
domain: Geographic Location Point
type: DatatypeProperty
sub property of: longitude

Environmental Material
comment: A material entity which other material entities in an environmental system are primarily or partially composed of.
subclass of: Feature Of Interest
Version Info: 1.0.0
type: Class

habitat type name
comment: The habitat name according to the EUNIS habitat type classification.
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Geographic Location Point
sub property of: topDataProperty

location Id
comment: An identifier for the set of location information (data associated with dcterms:Location). May be a global unique identifier or an identifier specific to the data set.
sub property of: topDataProperty
domain: Geographic Location Point
type: DatatypeProperty

name published in year
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Feature Of Interest
sub property of: topDataProperty

Title
comment: A name given to the resource
sub property of: topAnnotationProperty
range: string
type: AnnotationProperty

Comment
comment: comment is an instance of rdf:Property that may be used to provide a human-readable description of a resource
sub property of: topAnnotationProperty
range: string

is primary topic of
type: ObjectProperty
comment: The isPrimaryTopicOf property relates something to a document that is mainly about it.
domain: Dataset
range: Document
sub property of: topObjectProperty

Is Defined By
sub property of: topAnnotationProperty
range: anyURI
comment: isDefinedBy is an instance of rdf:Property that is used to indicate a resource defining the subject resource. This property may be used to indicate an RDF vocabulary in which a resource is described

Document
type: Class
comment: A piece of written, printed, or electronic matter that provides information or evidence or that serves as an official record.
subclass of: Thing

Label
comment: label is an instance of rdf:Property that may be used to provide a human-readable version of a resource's name
range: string
sub property of: topAnnotationProperty

Version Info
range: string
sub property of: topAnnotationProperty
comment: The annotation property that provides version information for an ontology or another OWL construct

See Also
comment: seeAlso is an instance of rdf:Property that is used to indicate a resource that might provide additional information about the subject resource
range: anyURI
sub property of: topAnnotationProperty

Status
type: AnnotationProperty
sub property of: topAnnotationProperty

Date Issued
sub property of: topAnnotationProperty
type: AnnotationProperty
comment: Date of formal issuance of the resource
range: dateTime

Primary Topic
sub property of: topAnnotationProperty
type: AnnotationProperty

organism quantity type
type: DatatypeProperty
sub property of: topDataProperty
domain: Organismal Entity

occurence status
sub property of: topDataProperty
domain: Observation
type: DatatypeProperty
comment: A statement about the presence or absence of a Taxon at a Location.

specific epithet
domain: Organismal Entity
comment: The name of the first or species epithet of the scientificName.
sub property of: topDataProperty
type: DatatypeProperty

organism quantity
comment: A number or enumeration value for the quantity of organisms.
domain: Organismal Entity
sub property of: topDataProperty
type: DatatypeProperty

red list species status
comment: IUCN category in which the species is assessed
sub property of: topDataProperty
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Organismal Entity

site code
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Geographic Location Point
sub property of: topDataProperty
comment: The unique code comprises nine characters and consists of two components. The first two codes are the country code the remaining seven characters, which serve to create a unique alphanumeric code for each site.

unit
comment: A unit of measure, or unit, is a particular quantity value that has been chosen as a scale for measuring other quantities the same kind (more generally of equivalent dimension). For example, the meter is a quantity of length that has been rigorously defined and standardized by the BIPM (International Board of Weights and Measures). Any measurement of the length can be expressed as a number multiplied by the unit meter.
type: DatatypeProperty
sub property of: topDataProperty
domain: Observation

site type
sub property of: topDataProperty
comment: A: SPAs (Special Protection Areas - sites designated under the Birds Directive); B: SCIs and SACs (Sites of Community Importance and Special Areas of Conservation - sites designated under the Habitats Directive); C: where SPAs and SCIs/SACs boundaries are identical (sites designated under both directives).
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Geographic Location Point

verbatim elevation
sub property of: topDataProperty
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Geographic Location Point
comment: The original description of the elevation (altitude, usually above sea level) of the Location.

nest count
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Observation
sub property of: topDataProperty
comment: The number of nests, or a value -1 when nesting was confirmed but the number of nests could not be assessed.

trophic role
sub property of: topDataProperty
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Organismal Entity
comment: Statement specifying whether the species is a predator or a prey.

scientific name authorship
type: DatatypeProperty
sub property of: topDataProperty
comment: The authorship information for the scientificName formatted according to the conventions of the applicable nomenclaturalCode.
domain: Organismal Entity

verbatim depth
type: DatatypeProperty
comment: The original description of the depth below the local surface.
sub property of: topDataProperty
domain: Geographic Location Point

scientific name id
comment: An identifier for the nomenclatural (not taxonomic) details of a scientific name.
sub property of: topDataProperty
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Organismal Entity

transect counting
comment: A numeric value for a measurement of the size (time duration, length, area, or volume) of a sample in a sampling event.
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Observation
sub property of: topDataProperty

scientific name
domain: Organismal Entity
type: DatatypeProperty
comment: Scientific name is a formal system of naming species of living things.
sub property of: topDataProperty

recorded by
comment: A list (concatenated and separated) of names of people, groups, or organizations responsible for recording the original Occurrence. The primary collector or observer, especially one who applies a personal identifier (recordNumber), should be listed first.
sub property of: topDataProperty
domain: Observation
type: DatatypeProperty

sector
comment: A category or description of the sector of the study area.
domain: Observation
sub property of: topDataProperty
type: DatatypeProperty

trophic level
sub property of: topDataProperty
type: DatatypeProperty
comment: Any of the feeding levels through which the passage of energy through an ecosystem proceeds; examples are photosynthetic plants, herbivorous animals, and microorganisms of decay.

original name usage
type: DatatypeProperty
comment: The taxon name, with authorship and date information if known, as it originally appeared when first established under the rules of the associated nomenclaturalCode. The basionym (botany) or basonym (bacteriology) of the scientificName or the senior/earlier homonym for replaced names.
domain: Feature Of Interest
sub property of: topDataProperty

Constraint
subclass of: Thing
type: Class
comment: A Constraint limits the scope of the observation and confines the context to a particular state. It describes properties of the involved entities that are relevant to the particular observation.

Ontology Engineering Tool
sub property of: topAnnotationProperty
type: AnnotationProperty

constrains
type: ObjectProperty
comment: A Constraint constrains an Entity having a role in the Variable description
sub property of: topObjectProperty
domain: Constraint
range: Entity

has constraint
sub property of: topObjectProperty
comment: A Variable has a Constraint, that confines an Entity involved in the observation
type: ObjectProperty
domain: Observable Property
range: Constraint

has context object
domain: Observable Property
range: Entity
type: ObjectProperty
comment: A Variable has an Entity that provides additional background information regarding the ObjectOfInterest
sub property of: topObjectProperty

Formality Level
sub property of: topAnnotationProperty
type: AnnotationProperty

Property
subclass of: Thing
type: Class
comment: A type of a characteristic of the ObjectOfInterest.

LifeWatch Italy Semantic Platform Ontology
Primary Topic: Observation
creator: Parham Ramezani, https://orcid.org/0009-0006-3432-6182
Formality Level: https://www.isibang.ac.in/ns/mod/index.html#Ontology
Conforms To Knowledge Representation Paradigm: https://www.isibang.ac.in/ns/mod/index.html#DescriptionLogics
Keyword: Semantic Integration
Created: October 15, 2024
Primary Topic: Observable Property
Designed For Ontology Task: Integrate datasets produced by biodiversity and ecosystem researchers
language: http://lexvo.org/id/iso639-3/eng
Primary Topic: Feature Of Interest
Ontology Language: https://www.isibang.ac.in/ns/mod/index.html#OWL-DL
Primary Topic: Dataset
comment: The LifeWatch Italy Semantic Platform Ontology is a graph-based data model designed to integrate and represent datasets produced by biodiversity and ecosystem researchers in LifeWatch Italy, along with the associated metadata. This semantic framework is implemented within the LifeWatch Italy Semantic Platform, offering users a browser to navigate ontology classes, a search engine, a SPARQL query endpoint, and other related services. The ontology developed by reusing LifeWatch Italy Domain Ontology, several term from Data Catalog Vocabulary, The PROV Ontology, FOAF Vocabulary Specification, and I-ADOPT Framework, enhancing interoperability and facilitating integration with other systems using these standards. The design of the ontology adheres to FAIR principles. It uses persistent identifiers, OWL2 for knowledge representation, semantic versioning, and rich metadata, including licensing and provenance details.
Ontology Engineering Tool: https://www.isibang.ac.in/ns/mod/index.html#Protege
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Keyword: Biodiversity
Primary Topic: Catalog
version IRI: https://kos.lifewatch.eu/ontologies/spo/1.0.0
type: Ontology

Designed For Ontology Task
sub property of: topAnnotationProperty
type: AnnotationProperty

Ontology Language
type: AnnotationProperty
sub property of: topAnnotationProperty

has matrix
comment: A Variable might have an Entity in which the ObjectOfInterest is contained
domain: Observable Property
sub property of: topObjectProperty
type: ObjectProperty
range: Entity

has property
domain: Observable Property
range: Property
type: ObjectProperty
comment: A Variable has a Property that characterizes an Entity
sub property of: topObjectProperty

Conforms To Knowledge Representation Paradigm
type: AnnotationProperty
sub property of: topAnnotationProperty

has object of interest
sub property of: topObjectProperty
type: ObjectProperty
range: Entity
domain: Observable Property
comment: A Variable has an Entity whose Property is observed

Entity
type: Class
comment: An object or process that has a role in an observation. An Entity may play one of the following roles: ObjectOfInterest, ContextObject, Matrix. Whether the involvement of a particular entity is meaningful enough to include in the variable description depends on the specific context.
subclass of: Thing

verbatim locality
domain: Geographic Location Point
comment: The original textual description of the place. Format of the site name used during the survey: two-letters code of the Italian Province _ name of the Municipality (in case of doble place names, the second one is abbreviated) and sequential number within the same Municipality in order of year of settlement of the colony _ toponym. In some cases, instead of the name the Municipality, the given name is that of a prominent landscape feature such as a river of a lake.
sub property of: topDataProperty
type: DatatypeProperty

Creator
type: AnnotationProperty
sub property of: topAnnotationProperty